[custom_list][custom_list_item name="Proteins" description="Beef, pork, chicken, tofu, and seafood are frequently used, depending on the region and recipe."][/custom_list]Offal and various cuts like short ribs or brisket add depth and texture.[custom_list][custom_list_item name="Vegetables" description="Napa cabbage, daikon radish, mushrooms, and root vegetables like taro or lotus root are staples. Fresh herbs such as scallions, cilantro, and garlic chives enhance aroma."][custom_list_item name="Additional Ingredients" description="Noodles or rice cakes (tteok) often accompany or are cooked within the stew. Fermented ingredients like kimchi or pickled vegetables add tang and complexity."][/custom_list]